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由中铁二十局三处承建的青藏铁路第一重、难点工程——地处昆仑山与唐古拉山交界处的风火山隧道,在青藏铁路指挥部、第一勘测设计院隧道专家的精心指导下,全体工程建设者挑战生命极限,日前胜利实现隧道掘进、衬砌双破两百米大关。风火山隧道全长1333m,海拔 4905 m,是目前世界上海拔最高、覆盖层最薄、地质条件最差、冻土层最厚、冰冻区最长、科研项目最多,集含土冰层、饱水冻土和千年冰川于一体的永冻土隧道。年均气温在0℃以下,常年风雪不断,自然环境极其恶劣,空气含氧量十分稀薄,被视为“生命极限之地”。这里冻土层深达150 m,隧道浅埋段厚仅3 m,最大埋深约 100 m,整座隧道都处于永冻层以内。地质构造为含土冰层、饱水冻土、富冰冻土和泥、砂夹层,施工难度前所未有。
The first heavy and difficult project of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, constructed by China Railway 20 Bureau, is located at Fenghuoshan Tunnel at the junction of Kunlun Mountain and Tanggula Mountain. Under the guidance of tunnel experts of Qinghai-Tibet Railway Command and First Survey & Design Institute , All project builders challenged the limit of life, recently achieved tunneling tunneling, lining two broken 200 meters mark. The total length of Fenghuoshan tunnel is 1333m and the elevation is 4905m. It is the highest in the world with the thinnest cover, the lowest geological conditions, the thickest permafrost, the longest frozen area and the most scientific research projects. Permafrost and Millennium Glacier in one of the permafrost tunnel. The average annual temperature below 0 ℃, perennial snow constantly, the natural environment is extremely harsh, the oxygen content of the air is very thin, is considered “the limit of life.” The permafrost here is as deep as 150 m. The shallow section of the tunnel is only 3 m thick and the maximum depth is about 100 m. The entire tunnel is within the permafrost. Geological structure of earth-ice, saturated frozen soil, rich in frozen soil and mud, sand interlayer, construction more difficult than ever.