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目的探讨早产儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)临床上的危险因素。方法收集2013年12月~2016年9月期间在潍坊市人民医院新生儿科新生儿重症监护病房的37例临床资料完整的早产儿NEC患儿作为观察组,同时期收治的60例临床资料完整的非NEC的早产患儿作为对照组,两组患儿的一般资料相近,应用Logistic回归分析方法,对影响早产儿NEC临床常见病因,包括严重感染、生后窒息、妊娠期高血压综合征、发病前输血、母乳喂养、补充益生菌、新生儿低血糖及新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)进行回顾性分析。结果新生儿低血糖、NRDS等因素之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),严重感染、生后窒息、妊娠期高血压综合征、发病前输血、母乳喂养及补充益生菌等因素比较,差异有显著的统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论严重感染、生后窒息、妊娠期高血压综合征、发病前输血是主要危险因素,母乳喂养级补充益生菌是早产儿NEC的保护性因素。
Objective To investigate the clinical risk factors of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants. Methods A total of 37 NEC children with complete clinical data of neonatal intensive care unit of Weifang People’s Hospital from December 2013 to September 2016 were selected as the observation group and 60 cases of complete clinical data Non-NEC preterm children as a control group, the general data of two groups of children similar to the application of Logistic regression analysis of common causes of NEC in preterm infants, including severe infection, postpartum asphyxia, gestational hypertension, morbidity Pre-transfusion, breastfeeding, probiotic supplementation, neonatal hypoglycemia and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) were retrospectively analyzed. Results Neonatal hypoglycemia, NRDS and other factors were not significantly different (P> 0.05), severe infection, postpartum asphyxia, gestational hypertension syndrome, pre-morbid blood transfusion, breastfeeding and probiotic supplementation and other factors, The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions Severe infection, postpartum asphyxia, gestational hypertension, pre-morbid blood transfusion are the main risk factors. Breastfeeding-supplemented probiotics are protective factors for preterm neonates with NEC.