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应用巢式聚合酶链反应（巢式ＰＣＲ）技术扩增Ｔ细胞受体δ（ＴＣＲδ）基因检测了小儿急性淋巴细胞白血病（ＡＬＬ）骨髓标本，２８例初治（或复发）的Ｂ前体细胞白血病中有２１例检出ＴＣＲ－δ基因克隆重排带（即ＰＣＲ阳性），检出率为７５％。１８例缓解６个月以上ＰＣＲ仍阳性者接受大剂量化疗，１５例化疗后ＰＣＲ转阴者随访８～３０个月仍处持续缓解状态，３例ＰＣＲ未能转阴者中２例最终复发，另１例在此次化疗前已有半年未行化疗，本次化疗后ＰＣＲ未阴转，继续化疗并随访一年，现ＰＣＲ转阴并持续缓解。表明本法可对７５％的小儿急性Ｂ前体淋巴细胞白血病进行残留白血病细胞监测，并可以进一步指导化疗。本法检测敏感度为１０－５。
Bone marrow samples from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were detected by nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR) amplification of TCRδ gene. Twenty-eight untreated (or relapsed) B precursor cells In 21 leukemias, TCR-δ gene cloned rearrangement bands (ie, PCR positive) were detected with a detection rate of 75%. Eighteen patients with PCR-positive response over 6 months were treated with high-dose chemotherapy. After 15 cases of chemotherapy-negative PCR, the patients with PCR-negative conversion were still in remission for 8-30 months, and 2 of 3 patients with PCR failed to relapse eventually relapsed, The other one had chemotherapy for six months before the chemotherapy was not performed. After the chemotherapy, the PCR did not turn negatively, chemotherapy was continued and follow-up was for one year, and the PCR was negative and sustained remission. This method can be 75% of children with acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia residual leukemia cells monitoring, and can further guide chemotherapy. The detection sensitivity of this method is 10-5.