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20年来,食道曲张静脉破裂出血一直沿用血管加压素(Vasopressin)止血,其作用是使内脏小动脉床收缩,增加肠道血流阻力,从而降低门静脉压。但该药如注射速度太快,亦能作用于心脏和冠状动脉,使心搏出量减少,冠状动脉收缩,诱发心律紊乱。据报道,连续注射后效应可迅速降低。另外,血管加压素尚可促使纤维蛋白溶酶原激活质和Ⅷ因子释放,以致出血不止,因而应用受到限制。
For 20 years, hemorrhage of varicose veins in the esophagus has been stopped by vasopressin, which acts to shrink the visceral arteriolar bed and increase intestinal blood flow resistance, thereby reducing portal pressure. However, if the drug is injected too fast, it can also act on the heart and coronary arteries to reduce the volume of cardiac output and cause coronary artery contraction and induce heart rhythm disorders. It has been reported that the effect after continuous injection can be rapidly reduced. In addition, vasopressin can still promote the release of plasminogen activator and factor VIII, resulting in bleeding more than that, thus limiting the application.