目的:从经济学角度深入分析和研究人们吸烟行为的动机,并据此给出控烟的相关建议。方法:通过对吸烟行为带来的收益与成本进行分析,运用主观期望效用和损失期望值作为衡量吸烟收益与成本标准,研究影响吸烟行为的若干因素。结果:由于吸烟行为带来的收益和成本在时间上不一致,使得人们往往不是完全理性地权衡吸烟的收益与成本,即高估吸烟带来的效用、低估吸烟带来的损害,这使得控烟戒烟难以落实到实效。结论:从降低吸烟效用和增加吸烟损失两方面给出了相关的建议以减少和控制吸烟行为,只有从收益和成本两方面共同发力,我国的控烟事业才能得到持续进步。 OBJECTIVE: To analyze and study the motivation of people’s smoking behaviors from the perspective of economics and give suggestions on tobacco control accordingly. Methods: By analyzing the benefits and costs caused by smoking behavior, we used subjective expected utility and loss expectation as smoking benefit and cost standard to study some factors that affect smoking behavior. Results: Because the benefits of smoking and costs are inconsistent in time, people often do not weigh the benefits and costs of smoking completely rationally, which overestimate the effect of smoking and underestimate the harm caused by smoking, which makes tobacco control smoking cessation Difficult to implement the results. Conclusions: Relevant suggestions are given to reduce and control smoking behavior both in terms of reducing smoking utility and increasing smoking loss. Only by making joint efforts in terms of benefits and costs can China’s tobacco control be continuously improved.