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坐标测量机和计算机技术的发展 ,在公差检测、描述以及数学定义等方面都提出了新的挑战。文章尝试性地提出了基于材料力学中固体连续性假设的等值原则 ,阐述了按等值原则确定实际要素的理想形状要素 ,在该理想形状要素的基础上 ,进行相似胀缩来形成便于计算机描述的公差带 ,通过坐标轴平移和旋转来完成公差带的精确数学描述 ,从而实现尺寸公差、形状公差和位置公差等统一的思想。最后 ,在圆度误差评定中进行了应用举例 ,并得到了一些有价值的结论
The development of CMMs and computer technologies has presented new challenges in tolerance detection, description and mathematical definition. This paper tentatively put forward the principle of equivalence based on the assumption of solid continuity in the mechanics of materials, and elaborates the ideal shape elements that determine the actual elements according to the principle of equivalence. On the basis of the ideal shape elements, Described tolerance band, through the axis of translation and rotation to complete the mathematical description of the tolerance zone, in order to achieve dimensional tolerances, shape tolerances and positional tolerances unified thinking. Finally, some examples of application in the roundness error assessment are given, and some valuable conclusions are obtained