本文介绍了一种从海上压力数据中提取质点速度的正交分量的通用波动理论方法。应用质点速度和压力数据的正交分量,有可能分离出接收处的上行波与下行波。对特定的采集几何排列而言,也可估算出震源子波。原则上说,该方法是精确的。无需给出弹性介质特征信息。如果在单界面上记录到压力数据,当震源排列置于接收点的上方,就必须要已知 This paper presents a general wave theory method for extracting quadrature components of particle velocity from sea pressure data. Using the quadrature components of the particle velocity and pressure data, it is possible to separate the upstream and downstream waves at the reception. For specific acquisition geometry, source wavelet can also be estimated. In principle, this method is accurate. No need to give elastic media characteristic information. If pressure data is recorded on a single interface, it must be known when the source arrangement is placed above the receiving point