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目的:分析小儿喘息性疾病病原学及与喘息发作有关的因素。方法:227例患儿来我院儿科住院的患儿,在有喘息发作及无喘息发作时均取分泌物进行细菌和病毒检测,并对可能与喘息发作有关的因素做统计分析。结果:喘息发作时细菌感染91例(40.1%),病毒感染110例(48.5%),无喘息时72例(31.7%)检出细菌感染,59例(26%)检出病毒感染,喘息发作时细菌和病毒感染检出率均显著高于无喘息时(P<0.05)。单因素分析过敏史、细菌感染、病毒感染、被动吸烟史、家族史和季节等暴露因素在喘息次数超过和低于4次患儿之间存在差异(P<0.05)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示病毒感染(OR=2.839)、细菌感染(OR=2.434)、过敏史(OR=4.412)和家族史(OR=2.158)为喘息性疾病患儿喘息发作次数增多的主要危险因素。结论:病毒和细菌感染为小儿喘息性疾病的主要致病原,病毒和细菌感染、有过敏史与家族史是喘息反复发作的危险因素。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the etiology of asthmatic children and the factors related to asthmatic attacks. Methods: A total of 227 children hospitalized in our pediatric department were tested for bacteria and viruses by taking secretions during wheezing episodes and wheezing attacks, and statistical analysis was made on the possible factors related to wheezing episodes. Results: 91 (40.1%) bacterial infections, 110 (48.5%) viral infections, 72 (31.7%) pneumonia episodes were detected in wheezing episodes and 59 (26%) viral infections and wheezing episodes The detection rates of bacteria and virus infection were significantly higher than those without wheezing (P <0.05). Univariate analysis of the history of allergies, bacterial infections, viral infections, passive smoking history, family history and season and other exposure factors were more than wheezing and less than 4 times between children (P <0.05). Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the number of wheezing episodes in children with wheezing increased with viral infection (OR = 2.839), bacterial infection (OR = 2.434), allergic history (OR = 4.412) and family history The main risk factors. Conclusion: Viruses and bacterial infections are the main pathogenic, viral and bacterial infections in children with wheezing diseases. Allergic history and family history are the risk factors of recurrent wheezing.