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目的:探讨长期进食高糖饲料对雌性小鼠卵泡超微结构的影响。方法:将40只4周龄的C57BL/6J的雌性小鼠随机分为正常饲料组20只和高糖饲料组20只,分别连续喂养180 d后,测量雌性小鼠体质量、血清性激素、糖代谢指标、动情周期和各级卵泡数目。应用电子显微镜观察雌性小鼠卵泡的超微结构。结果:长期进食高糖饲料的雌性小鼠体质量明显增加(P<0.05),血清雌二醇(E_2)水平升高(82.05±15.62 ng/L vs 68.25±4.90 ng/L,P<0.05),空腹胰岛素显著升高(64.11±39.97 mIU/L vs 14.25±7.33 mIU/L,P<0.05),动情周期延长(10.3±1.5 d vs 6.0±0.9 d,P<0.01),其中动情前期(2.3±0.6 d vs 1.3±0.4 d,P<0.05)、动情后期(3.0±0.8 d vs 1.0±0.3 d,P<0.001)及动情间期延长(2.7±0.9 d vs 1.3±0.5 d,P<0.01)更显著,窦前卵泡和窦卵泡数目均显著减少(P<0.05)。长期进食高糖饲料的小鼠卵泡颗粒细胞发生凋亡;部分卵母细胞核染色质排列紊乱;卵母细胞内线粒体增生水肿;高尔基体结构异常;透明带形态及厚度异常;卵母细胞微绒毛明显减少。结论:长期进食高糖饲料小鼠体质量增加,E_2水平升高,动情周期延长,卵泡中的卵母细胞和颗粒细胞超微结构受损。
Objective: To investigate the effects of long-term high-sugar diet on the ultrastructure of follicles in female mice. Methods: Forty four-week-old female C57BL / 6J mice were randomly divided into normal diet group (20) and high-glucose diet group (20). After continuous feeding for 180 days, the body weight, serum sex hormones, Metabolic index, estrous cycle and the number of follicles at all levels. Observation of the Ultrastructure of Female Mouse Follicles by Electron Microscopy. Results: The body mass of the female mice fed with high glucose for a long time increased significantly (P <0.05) and the level of E2 increased (82.05 ± 15.62 ng / L vs 68.25 ± 4.90 ng / L, P <0.05) (64.11 ± 39.97 mIU / L vs 14.25 ± 7.33 mIU / L, P <0.05). The estrous cycle was prolonged (10.3 ± 1.5 days vs 6.0 ± 0.9 days, P <0.01) ± 0.6 d vs 1.3 ± 0.4 d, P <0.05), late estrus (3.0 ± 0.8 d vs 1.0 ± 0.3 d, P <0.001) and prolonged estrous interval (2.7 ± 0.9 d vs 1.3 ± 0.5 d, P <0.01) ) More significantly, the number of anterior sinus follicles and antral follicles were significantly reduced (P <0.05). Long-term intake of high-sugar diet follicular granulosa cells apoptosis; part of the oocyte nuclear chromatin disorder; oocyte mitochondrial hyperplasia and edema; Golgi structural abnormalities; morphology and thickness of the zona pellucida; oocytes microvilli significantly cut back. Conclusion: The long-term high-sugar diet mice increased body weight, E 2 levels, estrus cycle prolonged, oocyte follicle oocyte and granulosa cell ultrastructure damage.