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利用Posner的空间线索范式,三个实验旨在探寻自我面孔作为具有特殊性的刺激对空间注意的调控作用。在实验一中,自我或者熟悉的面孔作为内源性线索出现在视野中央,通过朝左或者朝右来提示目标将要出现的位置。实验一的结果发现,与熟悉的面孔相比较,自我面孔产生了更大的提示效应。这意味着当自我面孔与任务相关时,对提示位置的易化优于熟悉的面孔。与之相反的是,在实验二(面孔为小图)和实验三(面孔为大图)中,自我或熟悉的面孔与目标同时呈现,作为与任务无关的刺激呈现在目标出现的另一侧视野中。结果发现,自我面孔和熟悉的面孔同样捕获目标位置的空间注意。然而,研究并没有发现自我面孔与熟悉面孔在捕获注意上的差异。这一结果也许暗示着在注意捕获的过程中,面孔效应太大而因此掩盖了自我效应的出现。这些发现表明自我面孔之所以是具有特殊性的刺激不仅受感知过程的影响,还依赖于与任务的关系。
Using Posner’s paradigm of spatial cues, the three experiments aim to explore the role of self-face as a special stimulus in the regulation of spatial attention. In Experiment 1, self or familiar faces appear as the endogenous cues in the center of the field of view, indicating where the target will appear by pointing left or right. In the first experiment, we found that the self-face has a bigger hint effect than the familiar face. This means that when self-faces are task-related, the facilitation of cues is superior to familiar faces. In contrast, in experiment two (face is small) and experiment three (face is big), faces of self or familiarity are presented simultaneously with the goal as stimuli unrelated to the task appear on the other side of the appearance of the goal In sight. The results found that self-face and familiar faces also capture the attention of the target location space. However, the study did not find differences in capture attention between self and familiar faces. This result may suggest that in the process of attention capture, the effect of the face is too large and therefore masks the emergence of self-efficacy. These findings show that the reason why the self-face is special is not only influenced by the process of perception, but also depends on the task.