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以宁夏典型草原为对象,研究封育、放牧和水平沟改良管理方式下草原土壤颗粒组成、土壤容重、有机质含量、全氮、水解氮、速效磷和速效钾的分布差异。结果表明,不同管理方式下0-40cm土壤以细沙粒和粗粉粒为主,占颗粒总量的58.46%～77.48%,管理方式对土壤质地无明显影响,但0-15cm土层粘粒和粉粒含量随封育年限的增加呈上升趋势;放牧能显著增加0-5cm土壤容重;管理方式对0-40cm土层有机质、全氮、水解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量影响显著,以封育15,20,25年和水平沟改良10年的草地土壤养分含量较高,放牧草地最低;各管理方式下土壤养分含量表现为随土层深度增加而下降;典型草原土壤理化性状间存在显著相关性。
The typical grassland in Ningxia was studied to study the differences of soil particle composition, soil bulk density, organic matter content, total nitrogen, hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in grassland under the improved management methods of enclosure, grazing and horizontal ditches. The results showed that the 0-40cm soil mainly consisted of fine sand and coarse grain, accounting for 58.46% ~ 77.48% of the total amount of soil, with no significant effect on the soil texture. However, the 0-15cm soil clay And the content of silt increased with the increase of enclosure age. Grazing could significantly increase the bulk density of 0-5cm soil. The management methods significantly affected the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in 0-40cm layer. The grassland with 15, 20, 25 years of improvement and 10 years of horizontal ditch improvement had higher soil nutrient contents and the lowest grazing grassland. The soil nutrient contents decreased with the depth of soil layer under different management practices. The soil physical and chemical properties of typical steppe soil existed Significant correlation.