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目的1.收取本地区新生儿听力障碍发病资料;2.分析听力筛查未通过的因素及临床听力学特征。方法选取2006年5月至2007年5月出生的286例新生儿,在出院前进行新生儿听力筛查;96例转诊至我科的疑似听力障碍患儿进行诊断性听力学检查。对未通过者进行声阻抗、耳声发射、听性脑干反应、听觉稳态诱发反应全面的综合检查以确定听力损失的性质和程度,给予相应干预措施。结果286例新生儿,其中初筛有40例(13.99%)未通过筛查,42天复筛DPOAE,最后有3例需行ABR检查,经过听力学初步评估发现2例(发病率为6.99‰)有听力损失,其中正常新生儿1例(发病率为3.94‰),高危新生儿1例(发病率为31.25‰)并作相应诊断和干预;转诊疑似听力损失患儿96例,确认听力损失78例(81.25%),其中轻度2例(2.5%)、中度7例(9.0%)、重度25例(32.1%)、极重度44例(56.4%),发现确诊年龄在6个月～3岁范围内。结论3个月内早期诊断和6个月内早期干预是必要的,以便尽早发现患儿及时给予干预。推行新生儿及婴幼儿听力损失的早期筛查和干预,加强耳聋知识的宣传,提高家长的防聋治聋意识是非常必要的。
Objectives 1. To receive information on the incidence of neonatal hearing disorders in this region; 2. To analyze the factors that failed to pass the hearing screening and the clinical audiological features. Methods A total of 286 newborns born from May 2006 to May 2007 were selected for neonatal hearing screening before discharge. 96 children with suspected hearing impairment referred to our department underwent diagnostic audiometry. The unacceptable sound impedance, otoacoustic emissions, auditory brainstem response, auditory steady-state response to a comprehensive comprehensive examination to determine the nature and extent of hearing loss, to give the appropriate interventions. Results Among the 286 neonates, 40 (13.99%) failed primary screening and DPOAE after 42 days. Finally, 3 patients underwent ABR examination. Two patients (6.99 ‰ ) Had hearing loss, of which 1 normal newborns (incidence of 3.94 ‰), 1 high-risk neonates (incidence of 31.25 ‰) and make the appropriate diagnosis and intervention; 96 cases of suspected hearing loss referral hearing confirmed hearing There were 78 cases (81.25%) of them lost, of whom 2 were mild (2.5%), 7 moderate (9.0%), 25 (32.1%) severe and 44 (56.4% Month ~ 3 years old. Conclusions Early diagnosis within 3 months and early intervention within 6 months are necessary in order to find out the intervention in time as soon as possible. It is necessary to carry out early screening and intervention of hearing loss in neonates and infants and young children, strengthen the publicity of deafness knowledge and raise parents’ awareness of deafness prevention and deafness.