论文部分内容阅读
麦收前不适时降雨导致小麦穗发芽是影响硬粒小麦(Triticum turgidum L.Var.durum)质量的严重问题。为了确定群体内随机互交是否能够降低群体内麦粒红颜色同麦收前休眠之间的联系,1984年和1985年,有人在美国北达科他州(Fargo and Langdon,ND)进行了田间实验,该种群是由琥珀色麦种的“Vic”和PD44杂交产生的。PD44品系的种子休眠性好且麦粒呈红色,这种特性是从一加拿大试验的硬粒红春麦(T.aestivum L.em.Thell)RL4137系遗传下来的。种子休眠的评估方法是:在一间模拟降雨室用肉眼鉴别完整麦穗的发芽情况,并间接测定芽麦中的α-淀粉酶活性。麦粒颜色同休眠参数间的纯表型相关是显著的(r=0.28—0.67),进行一、二轮随机互交(random intermating)也很难改变这种关系。休眠的遗传变异性是难以通过0,1或2轮互交就能改变的。麦粒红颜色同麦收前休眠之间的稳固关系,可能同基因多效性有关,也可能同极端牢固的基因链有关。因此,在育种中,把红颜色种质作为培育休眠性能强的琥珀色硬粒小麦种质的设想是靠不住的。
Premature harvesting of wheat leads to spike formation of wheat spikes as a serious problem affecting the quality of Triticum turgidum L. Var.durum. In 1984 and 1985, field experiments were conducted in Fargo and Langdon (ND) to determine if random crossover in a population could reduce the association of the reddish stamens with dormancy in the colony The population was generated from crossing “Vic” and PD44 of amber wheat varieties. The PD44 strain had good seed dormancy and reddish grain, a characteristic inherited from a Canadian trial of T.aestivum L.em.Thell RL4137 line. Seed dormancy was assessed by visualizing the germination of intact ears in a simulated rainfall chamber and indirectly measuring alpha-amylase activity in the shoots. The pure phenotype correlation between grain color and dormancy parameters was significant (r = 0.28-0.67), and it was difficult to change this relationship by one or two random intermating. The genetic variability of dormancy can be difficult to change by crossing 0, 1, or 2 rounds. The robust relationship between the reddish brown color and dormancy before harvest may be related to the gene’s pleiotropic properties and may also be related to the extremely robust gene chain. Therefore, the idea of using red color germplasm as breeding amber durum wheat germplasm with high dormancy in breeding is unreliable.