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(一) 马克思对“资本主义运动规律”的关注致使他把把商业周期和劳动剥削作为资本主义制度的特征。资本主义被视为高度动态化的经济机器,在资本积累、技术变革和失业后备军的不停的和对抗的压力下保持运动。本文提出一个马克思的宏观经济的模型,该模型使对这个体系的静态均衡情况和动态周期模式的特性的分析有了可能。在静态的分析中,该模型给出了确定失业水平,剥削率和利润率的均衡解。当将其动态化时,本模型为分析马克思商业周期的决
(1) Marx’s concern over the “law of capitalist movements” led him to regard the commercial cycle and labor exploitation as the characteristics of the capitalist system. Capitalism is seen as a highly dynamic economic machine, motivated by the constant and adversarial pressure of capital accumulation, technological change and unemployment. This paper presents a model of Marx’s macroeconomy that makes it possible to analyze the static equilibrium of this system and the characteristics of the dynamic periodic model. In the static analysis, the model gives a balanced solution to determine the level of unemployment, the rate of exploitation and the rate of profit. When it is dynamic, this model is the analysis of Marx’s business cycle