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采用农户抽样调查的方法研究了广东省果蔗施肥状况,分析了果蔗在施肥中存在的问题。结果表明,在肥料品种上,施用化肥的农户比例为100%,其中复合肥的施用比例为100%,单质N、P2O5、K2O肥的比例为9.1%,有机肥施用比例为95.5%。全省果蔗N、P2O5、K2O肥总施肥量分别为64.87、58.93、58.61kg/667m2,N∶P2O5∶K2O之比为1∶0.91∶0.90,其中由化肥提供的N、P2O5、K2O分别为60.26、57.13、56.64kg/667m2,占总施肥量的比例分别为92.88%、96.94%、96.64%。广东省果蔗种植中超过90%的农户的施肥方法主要是:先施基肥,小培土2次,再大培土1次,大培土后至收获前20～30d追施1次;全省果蔗各时期施肥量中大培土后期施肥最多,平均78.4%,苗期次之,平均19.5%,基肥最少,平均2.1%。施肥中存在的主要问题是:肥料施用不平衡;有机肥未得到充分利用,施用量偏低。
The method of sampling survey was used to study the fertilization status of sugarcane in Guangdong Province, and the problems existing in fertilization of sugarcane were analyzed. The results showed that the proportion of fertilizers was 100% in the varieties of fertilizers, of which 100% for compound fertilizers, 9.1% for elemental N, P2O5 and K2O fertilizers and 95.5% for organic fertilizers. The total fertilizers of N, P2O5 and K2O fertilizers in the whole province were 64.87, 58.93 and 58.61kg / 667m2, respectively, and the ratio of N: P2O5:K2O was 1: 0.91: 0.90. The N, P2O5 and K2O provided by chemical fertilizers were 60.26,57.13,56.64kg / 667m2, accounting for 92.88%, 96.94% and 96.64% of the total respectively. More than 90% of the farmers in Guangdong Province, the main method of fertilizing fertilizers are: the first base fertilizer, small soil two times, and then a large soil Pei, large soil Pei 20 to 30 days before harvest topped 1; the province sugarcane The amount of fertilization in each period of medium and large soil fertilization late post-fertilization, an average of 78.4%, followed by the seedling stage, an average of 19.5%, the least base fertilizer, an average of 2.1%. The main problems in fertilizer application are: imbalance of fertilizer application; incomplete utilization of organic fertilizer and low application rate.