土石坝是一种最古老的坝型,但也是现今世界上发展最迅速,应用最广泛,建成最高坝的坝型。世界公认,我国是兴建土石坝最古老的国家。公元前600多年,在安徽淮河支流上兴建的安丰塘灌溉工程,就是土的堤堰。解放后,我国兴建了大量水利工程,至1972年,高度15米以上的坝建了12517座,其中土石坝就占了12006座,坝型也是多种多样的。 Earth dam is one of the oldest dam types, but it is also the most rapidly developed and most widely used dam in the world today. The world recognized that our country is the oldest country to build earth-rock dam. In 600 BC, Anfengtang irrigation project built on the tributaries of the Huaihe River in Anhui Province is the dike of the earth. After the liberation, a large number of water conservancy projects were built in our country. By 1972, 12,517 dams were built with a height of 15 meters or above, of which 12,600 were earth-rock dams, and the dams were also varied.