溃疡性结肠炎(UC)和克隆病(CD)是全球性慢性疾病。在发病率以及其多种可能存在的致病因素的变化趋势使对其病因学产生许多新的理论和假说。流行病学调查已认识可能影响易感个体环境和遗传因素,已知微生物、消化道免疫系统缺陷和一些化学介质是影响起病的因素,但大多数研究仍处于实验阶段。解剖和生理因素 Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are global chronic diseases. The trend in morbidity and the variety of possible causative agents present many new theories and hypotheses about its etiology. Epidemiological surveys have identified possible environmental and genetic factors that may affect susceptible individuals, known microbes, deficiencies in the immune system of the digestive tract and some chemical mediators that affect onset, but most of the research is still in the experimental phase. Anatomical and physiological factors