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目的:探讨灵芝三萜类化合物(ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids,GLT)对阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease,AD)的防治作用及其机制。方法:将自然衰老模型大鼠60只随机均分为6组,模型组(NS 10 mL.kg-1)、GLT低、中、高剂量组(0.25,0.5,1.0 g.kg-1)、阳性对照组(健脑胶囊0.38 g.kg-1)及溶媒对照组(食用油10 mL.kg-1);5月龄大鼠10只为正常对照组(NS 10 mL.kg-1)。连续ig给药60 d后,Morris水迷宫检测大鼠学习记忆能力;光化学法检测脑组织乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、乙酰胆碱转移酶(ChAT)活性。结果:自然衰老模型大鼠逃避潜伏期延长、搜索距离增加,探索时间及探索距离百分比减少,显示学习记忆障碍,脑组织AChE活力升高、ChAT活力降低。自然衰老模型大鼠用GLT ig 60 d后,学习记忆成绩明显提高,AChE活力降低、ChAT活力升高。结论:GLT对AD有防治作用,其作用机制可能和提高脑内乙酰胆碱(ACh)含量有关。
Objective: To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids (GLT) on Alzheimer disease (AD) and its mechanism. Methods: Sixty rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: model group (NS 10 mL.kg-1), low, medium and high dose GLT group (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 g.kg-1) The positive control group (0.38 g.kg-1) and the vehicle control group (10 mL.kg-1), while the 10-month-old rats were normal control group (NS 10 mL.kg-1). Sixty days after continuous ig administration, Morris water maze was used to detect the learning and memory ability of rats. The activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and acetylcholinesterase (ChAT) in brain tissue were detected by photochemical method. Results: The model of natural aging rats escaped the latent period, the search distance increased, the exploration time and the percentage of exploration distance decreased, which showed that learning and memory impairment, AChE activity in brain tissue and ChAT activity decreased. Natural aging model rats with GLT ig 60 d, learning and memory significantly improved, AChE activity decreased, ChAT increased vitality. Conclusion: GLT has a preventive and therapeutic effect on AD, and its mechanism may be related to increasing acetylcholine (ACh) content in the brain.