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新社会运动是战后发达资本主义社会发展中出现的一种反现代性的政治思潮与实践 ,这些抒发社会抱怨、政治不满、文化抵制的种种新抗议形式向传统马克思主义提出了严峻的挑战 ,其核心问题在于如何看待非阶级关系并将其概念化 ,而后马克思主义正是对这一挑战所作出的反本质主义、反还原论的后现代主义回应 ,后马克思主义的知识规划代表了一种富有成果的努力 ,它试图以话语理论来诠解社会身份、政治认同的复杂性、多元性以及它们的构成机制 ,但是 ,不论是辛达思与赫斯特的后马克思主义还是拉克劳与莫菲的后马克思主义 ,它们在对社会生活的因果关系的阐述上以及对权力的恰当理解上都存在着难以克服的理论症结和困难。
The new social movement is an anti-modern political trend and practice of the post-war developed capitalist society. These new forms of protest, which express social complaints, political dissatisfaction and cultural resistance, pose a serious challenge to traditional Marxism. The core issue lies in how to treat and conceptualize non-class relations. Marxism is exactly the post-modernist response to this challenge, which is anti-essentialism and anti-reductionism. The post-Marxist knowledge planning represents a wealthy It attempts to interpret the social identities and the complexity and pluralism of political identity with discourse theory. However, whether it is post-Marxism by Chester and Hearst or post-Laclau and Murphy’s Marxism, both of which have insurmountable theoretical cruxes and difficulties in elaborating on the causal relationship between social life and in the proper understanding of power.