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本文利用ICP-MS分析技术检出限低,可同时测定多元素,以及溶液进样等特点,建立了天然水中多种痕量元素分析的有效方法,研究了整个测定质量范围内的背景、干扰及其克服方法,讨论了水中Na、Mg、Ca等元素产生的基体效应对被测元素的影响。对含盐量较低的天然水样,可直接测定的痕量元素达50余种,测定限为0.x—xμg/L。高盐水样如海水、卤水等的测定,本文选择共沉淀法,以Fe(OH)_3为捕集剂,使被测元素与大量的碱金属、碱土金属基体分离。分离后可测40种痕量元素,测定限为0.0x—0.xμg/L。
In this paper, ICP-MS analysis of low detection limits, the simultaneous determination of multi-elements, as well as the characteristics of the solution injection, the establishment of an effective method for analysis of trace elements in natural water, the study within the context of the entire measurement range, interference And the ways to overcome them. The effects of matrix effect caused by Na, Mg, Ca and other elements in water on the tested elements were discussed. For natural water samples with low salinity, more than 50 trace elements can be measured directly with the limit of determination of 0.x-xμg / L. In this paper, coprecipitation method is adopted to determine Fe (OH) 3 as the collector of seawater and brine with high salt water, so as to separate the tested element from a large amount of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal matrix. After the separation of 40 trace elements measurable limit of 0.0x-0.xμg / L.