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M受体是机体中最重要的受体之一 ,根据药理学分类可分为M1,M2 ,M3和M4 4种药理学亚型 ,根据分子克隆技术可将其分为m1,m2 ,m3,m4 和m5,其中M1,M2 和M3分别对应于m1,m2 和m3。各种亚型基本结构相似 ,主要差别在于胞浆内 3环 (i3环 )的不同 ,这决定了它们功能的不同。m1,m3和m5结构功能相似 ,可激活PI系统和cAMP ,m2 和m4 则可抑制腺苷酸环化酶系统。不同部位各种亚型的分布和功能也有所不同。M受体亚型的分布和功能及其活性药物对临床具有重要意义。
M receptor is one of the most important receptors in the body. According to pharmacological classification, it can be divided into four pharmacological subtypes of M1, M2, M3 and M4. According to the molecular cloning technology, M receptors can be divided into m1, m2, m3, m4 and m5, where M1, M2 and M3 correspond to m1, m2 and m3, respectively. The basic structure of various subtypes is similar, the main difference is that the cytoplasmic 3-ring (i3 ring) different, which determines their different functions. The m1, m3 and m5 structures function similarly and activate the PI system and cAMP, while m2 and m4 inhibit the adenylate cyclase system. Different parts of the distribution and function of different subtypes are also different. The distribution and function of M receptor subtypes and their active drugs have clinical significance.