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目的比较大黄不同萃取物对成年雌性大鼠体质量及下丘脑、垂体结构的影响,进而筛选大黄生殖毒性主要萃取物。方法采用极性梯度萃取法制备大黄水提物、氯仿萃取物、醋酸乙酯萃取物、正丁醇萃取物和水溶物,雌性成年大鼠随机分为对照组、大黄水提物组和各萃取物组,各组给药剂量均相当于大黄生药4.00 g/kg,连续ig给药60 d;计算大鼠给药前后体质量增长率;光镜下观察大鼠下丘脑弓状核神经元和垂体促性腺细胞病理学变化。结果大黄水提物组大鼠体质量增长率低于对照组(P<0.05),其余各萃取物组明显高于对照组(P<0.01);大黄水提物组大鼠下丘脑弓状核神经元出现染色质边际化,核膜界限不清,胞浆尼氏体溶解,也可见鬼影细胞,腺垂体细胞整体数目减少,细胞排列欠规则,细胞间窦状毛细血管增多,其余各萃取物组下丘脑弓状核和腺垂体未见明显病变。结论长期大剂量ig大黄水提物可使大鼠体质量增长率降低,导致下丘脑弓状核和腺垂体发生形态学病理变化;其余各萃取物却使大鼠体质量增长率明显升高,且对下丘脑弓状核和腺垂体的组织结构影响不大。
Objective To compare the effects of different extracts of rhubarb on the body weight of adult female rats and the hypothalamus and pituitary structure, and then screen the main extracts of reproductive toxicity of rhubarb. Methods Rhubarb water extract, chloroform extract, ethyl acetate extract, n-butanol extract and water soluble substance were prepared by polar gradient extraction. Female adult rats were randomly divided into control group, rhubarb water extract group and each extract Group, the dose of each group were equivalent to 4.00 g / kg rhubarb crude drugs, continuous ig administration for 60 days; Calculate the body weight growth rate of rats before and after administration; under the light microscope rat arcuate nucleus neurons and Pituitary gonadal cell pathology. Results The growth rate of body weight of Rhubarb aqueous extract group was lower than that of the control group (P <0.05), and the other extract groups were significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.01); Rhubarb aqueous extract group rat hypothalamic arcuate nucleus Neurons appear chromatin marginalization, unclear nuclear membrane boundaries, cytoplasmic Nissl dissolved, ghost cells can also be seen, the overall reduction in the number of pituitary gland cells arranged less regular rules, sinusoidal capillaries increased, the rest of the extraction Material group hypothalamus arcuate nucleus and pituitary no obvious lesion. Conclusion Long-term high-dose ig rhubarb water extract can reduce the growth rate of rat body mass, resulting in hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and pituitary morphology morphological changes; the rest of the extract but the rat body mass growth rate was significantly increased, And the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and pituitary tissue structure has little effect.