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胚胎与子宫内膜协调合作对胚胎正常着床至关重要。由于伦理与法律的限制,胚胎着床相关机制的研究进展缓慢,尽管已有许多动物体内实验,但是其研究结果并不能完全应用于人类。近几年来,体外模型的建立给我们提供了一个新的途径。本文将研究胚胎与子宫内膜相互作用的体外模型分为三类,包括二维模型、三维模型以及迁移与侵袭实验模型。这些模型不仅可以用来研究胚胎-子宫内膜在早期着床位点的对话及其分子机制,还可以用来研究早期胚胎发育的过程和生殖内分泌紊乱的病理生理机制。
Coordination of the embryo with the endometrium is essential for normal implantation of the embryo. Due to the limitation of ethics and law, the research on the mechanism of embryo implantation has been slow. Although many animal experiments have been done in vivo, their results can not be fully applied to humans. In recent years, the establishment of in vitro models has provided us with a new way. In this paper, the in vitro models of the interaction between embryo and endometrium are divided into three categories, including two-dimensional model, three-dimensional model and experimental model of migration and invasion. These models not only can be used to study the embryo-endometrium dialogue at early implantation sites and its molecular mechanisms, but also to study the pathophysiology of early embryonic development and reproductive endocrine disorders.