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This work focuses on deriving the necessary and sufficient stability condition of transmission control protocol (TCP) network with a proportional-integral (PI) active queue management(AQM) scheme via a parameter space approach. First,a fluid-flow TCP’s nonlinear model is converted into a lin- ear time-delay system of neutral type.Second,the stability of the closed-loop system is characterized in terms of the network’s and the controller’s parameters.By simulation studies we inves- tigate the boundary’s relations of these two kinds of parameters in the parameter space and illustrate how PI controller’s parame- ters affect the stability.Finally,different stability conditions are compared to show the less conservatism of our necessary- and sufflcient-condition-based method,and simulation experiments by both Matlab and NS-2 are conducted to prove our claim.