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背景:注意缺陷多动障碍存在着强化机制的异常,而冲动性是强化机制异常的主要表现。目的:探究注意缺陷多动障碍动物模型(自发高血压大鼠)冲动性的变化。设计:非随机对照,重复测量设计。材料:实验于1997-10/1998-01在挪威奥斯陆大学医学系生理实验室进行,选用12只雄性自发高血压大鼠和12只雄性WistarKyoto(WKY)大鼠。方法:实验在标准Campden连续反应测试箱中进行。实验每天从9:00开始进行一次,2d的适应训练后,大鼠每天禁水22h,进行盒式训练、塑型训练。采用长变异间期方案,共40d,90min/d,变异指数为180s。主要分析长变异间期方案最后10d稳定曲线的平均值,分析指标为大鼠按杠短反应间期,包括反应间期0.00～0.33s和反应间期0.33～0.66s。主要观察指标:大鼠按杠短反应间期及在不同阶段的变化。结果:24只大鼠全部进入结果分析。①短按杠反应间期:自发高血压大鼠0.00～0.33s和0.33～0.66s均多于WKY大鼠[(172.00±44.89),(10.86±2.94)次;(90.27±28.09),(11.78±3.76)次;t=12.51,9.65,P<0.01]。②将整个实验过程分为3个相同阶段,每段30min,自发高血压大鼠和WKY大鼠三个阶段的按杠短反应间期均无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:自发高血压大鼠的冲动性较WKY大鼠强,强化机制异常,有助于了解注意缺陷多动障碍的发病机理及临床的治疗。
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (HADD) exists an abnormality of enhancement mechanism, and impulsivity is the main manifestation of enhancement mechanism anomaly. Objective: To investigate the changes of impulsivity in an animal model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (spontaneous hypertensive rats). Design: Non-randomized, repeatable measurement design. MATERIALS: The experiment was performed at Physiological Laboratory of Oslo University, Norway, from October 1997 to January 1998 with 12 male spontaneous hypertensive rats and 12 male WistarKyoto rats. Methods: Experiments were performed in a standard Campden continuous reaction chamber. The experiment was carried out once every day from 9:00. After 2 days of adaptation training, rats were banned for 22 hours a day for cassette training and plastic training. The long-term variation interval protocol was used for 40 days, 90 minutes / d, and the variation index was 180 seconds. The analysis of long-term variation interval program last 10d the average stability curve, the analysis of indicators for the bar rat short reaction interval, including the reaction interval 0.00 ~ 0.33s and the reaction interval 0.33 ~ 0.66s. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Rat barb-to-bar reaction intervals and changes at different stages. Results: All 24 rats entered the result analysis. (1) short reaction time between bars: spontaneously hypertensive rats 0.00 ~ 0.33s and 0.33 ~ 0.66s more than WKY rats [(172.00 ± 44.89), (10.86 ± 2.94) times; (90.27 ± 28.09), (11.78 ± 3.76) times; t = 12.51,9.65, P <0.01]. ② The whole experiment was divided into three equal stages, each period of 30min, spontaneous hypertensive rats and WKY rats in three stages of bar-short reaction interval was no significant difference (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The impulsiveness of spontaneously hypertensive rats is stronger than that of WKY rats, and the abnormal mechanism of enhancement is helpful to understand the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.