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目的了解南宁市学龄前儿童的视力、屈光度发育状况,为儿童眼病预防措施的制定提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,选取南宁市3～6岁儿童2 304名,使用标准对数视力表进行视力检测,自然瞳孔下用SureSightTM手持式自动验光仪测定屈光状况。结果 2 304名学龄前儿童的眼视力≥1.0的比例为30.0%,视力不良的总检出率为7.2%。视力不良检出率随年龄增长而下降(P<0.05)。视力不良检出率在近视儿童中最高,轻度远视儿童中最低(P<0.01)。散光度≥0.75,≥1.50,≥2.50 D组学龄前儿童患视力不良的风险分别是散光度<0.75 D组的3.217,7.744和12.892倍。弱视检出率为2.78%。结论学龄前儿童视力不良检出率高,且随年龄的增长而降低,随散光度增加而增高。应及时矫正学龄前儿童散光,以预防视力不良的发生。
Objective To understand the visual acuity and diopter development of preschool children in Nanning and to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of eye diseases in children. Methods A total of 2 304 children aged 3 to 6 years in Nanning City were selected by cluster random sampling method. Visual acuity test was performed using a standard logarithmic visual acuity chart. The refractive index was measured with SureSightTM hand-held autorefractometer under natural pupil. Results The prevalence of visual acuity ≥1.0 in 2 304 preschool children was 30.0%, and the total detection rate of poor eyesight was 7.2%. The detection rate of poor eyesight decreased with age (P <0.05). The detection rate of poor eyesight was the highest in myopic children and the lowest in children with mild hyperopia (P <0.01). Astigmatism≥0.75, ≥1.50, ≥2.50 The risk of poor vision in pre-school children in group D were 3.217, 7.744 and 12.892 times astigmatism <0.75 D, respectively. The detection rate of amblyopia was 2.78%. Conclusions Preschoolers have a high incidence of poor eyesight, which decreases with age and increases with increasing astigmatism. Should be timely correction of astigmatism in preschool children in order to prevent the occurrence of poor eyesight.