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目的:观察阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者腭咽组织病理学变化特点,探讨腭咽组织中脂质异位积累在OSAHS发生、发展机制中的作用。方法:以OSAHS患者(OSAHS组)和无鼾症患者(对照组)各19例为研究对象,按体质指数(BMI)配对研究。取2组软腭及咽腭弓组织分别用苏木精-伊红及油红-O脂肪染色,镜下观察2组腭咽组织病理学特点及脂质异位积累情况。结果:OSAHS组腭咽组织中存在明显的脂质浸润,同时伴有小唾液腺类型改变,其超微结构呈现相应变化及细胞缺氧性改变;对照组腭咽组织无异常改变。结论:脂质在腭咽组织中的异位积累可能是导致OSAHS患者睡眠时咽部气道塌陷的重要原因,与OSAHS的发生、发展关系密切。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the pathological changes of velopharyngeal tissues in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and to investigate the role of lipid accumulation in the pathogenesis of OSAHS in velopharyngeal tissues. Methods: Nineteen OSAHS patients and 19 non-snoring patients (control group) were enrolled in this study. Their body mass index (BMI) were used for paired study. Two groups of soft palate and pharyngeal palate were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and oily red-O fat respectively. Pathological features and accumulation of lipid in the two groups of velopharyngeal tissues were observed under microscope. Results: There was significant lipid infiltration in the palatoplasty of OSAHS group accompanied with the change of the type of small salivary gland. The ultrastructure of OSAHS group showed the corresponding changes and cell hypoxia changes. The control group had no abnormal changes in the palatopharyngeal tissues. Conclusion: Ectopic accumulation of lipids in velopharyngeal tissues may be an important reason for pharyngeal airway collapse in OSAHS patients, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of OSAHS.