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2.2.4 异源染色体片段的导入——染色体易位异源染色体整组或整条地导入小麦中,虽然丰富了小麦的基因库,为小麦带来了许多优良基因,但亦不可避免地导入了不利基因,因而相应限制了双倍体、异附加系、异代换系的利用。所以,最好是导人异源染色体片段,并且异源片段愈小愈好。异源染色体易位,就其产生的过程分为自然易位和人工诱发易位两类。在远缘杂交后代甲,自然易位虽发生频率低,但补偿性好,如抗病性、抗逆性、高蛋白、丰产性等异源基因转入栽培小麦中,可以补偿栽培小麦农艺性状不足。人工诱发易位主要有4种方式:
Introduction of Heterologous Chromosome Fragments - Chromosomal Translocation The introduction of heterologous chromosomes into whole or whole wheat genome enriches the gene pool of wheat and brings many good genes to wheat, but it is also inevitably introduced Adverse genes, which accordingly limit the diploid, heterologous additional lines, the use of different substitution lines. Therefore, it is best to introduce heterozygous chromosomal segments, and the smaller the heterologous segments, the better. Heterologous chromosome translocation, the process of its generation is divided into two categories of natural and artificial induced translocation. In distant hybridization progeny, although the natural translocation frequency is low, but the compensation is good, such as disease resistance, resistance, high protein, high yield of heterologous genes into cultivated wheat, can compensate for the agronomic traits of cultivated wheat insufficient. Man-induced translocation there are four main ways: