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[目的]了解威海市农村集中式供水工程的卫生安全状况。[方法]2011年3～4月和7～8月,在威海市抽取部分农村集中式饮水工程进行卫生学与水处理情况调查及水质检测。[结果]调查100处供水工程,有3处停止供水,其余97处基本上能满足农村居民日常生活需要。调查的97处供水工程中,48.45%的水源及44.33%的供水工程周围存在污染,9.28%的水源及11.34%的供水工程周围采取防护措施。97处供水工程中,60.82%未进行水处理;29.90%采取消毒措施,但没有按要求正规消毒;12.37%～98.97%的卫生管理措施缺乏或不到位。检测388份水样,合格率为57.22%,4份水样均合格的供水工程占35.05%。净化处理的水样合格率为68.33%,未处理的为52.24%(P<0.01);采用消毒措施的供水工程水样为66.18%,未消毒的供水工程水样为55.31%(P>0.05)。不合格的指标主要是微生物指标,合格率为66.75%。[结论]威海市农村供水工程存在诸多不安全因素,供水的水质合格率较低。
[Objective] To understand the health and safety of rural centralized water supply project in Weihai. [Methods] From March to April 2011 and from July to August 2011, some rural centralized drinking water projects in Weihai City were investigated for hygiene and water treatment and water quality testing. [Results] 100 water supply projects were investigated. Three of them stopped water supply and the remaining 97 basically met the daily needs of rural residents. Of the 97 water supply projects surveyed, 48.45% of water sources and 44.33% of water supply projects were contaminated, and 9.28% of water sources and 11.34% of water supply projects were protected. Of the 97 water supply projects, 60.82% did not carry out water treatment; 29.90% took disinfection measures, but did not require regular disinfection; 12.37% ~ 98.97% of health management measures were lacking or not in place. 388 water samples were tested with a pass rate of 57.22% and 35.05% of the four water samples were qualified. The passing rate of water samples for purification was 68.33% and that for untreated samples was 52.24% (P <0.01). The water samples for water supply with disinfection measures were 66.18% and the water samples for unsterile waterworks were 55.31% (P> 0.05) . Unqualified indicators are mainly microbial indicators, the passing rate of 66.75%. [Conclusion] There were many unsafe factors in rural water supply project in Weihai City, and the qualified rate of water quality in water supply was low.