现代生态系统是以人类为中心的自然生态系统和社会系统的综合系统。从热力学的观点看,生态系统中生物与环境的物、能交换必然引起系统熵的变化。本文试从非平衡热力学原理的角度讨论生态系统与熵的关系,根据熵的变化来判别系统不可逆过程的方向,解释生态系统中的生物包括人类在内生存、发展的客观规律,并进一步阐明生态系统的有序结构,评价现代生态系统的经济效益。 Modern ecosystems are human-centered natural ecosystems and social systems. From a thermodynamic point of view, the exchange of biological and environmental things in the ecosystem inevitably leads to changes in the system entropy. This paper tries to discuss the relationship between ecosystem and entropy from the perspective of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. According to the change of entropy, we can determine the direction of irreversible process, explain the objective laws of living and developing within the ecosystem, including human beings, and further clarify the ecological Systematic structure, evaluation of the economic benefits of modern ecosystems.