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反应堆运行时,受到中子辐照的空气经~(40)Ar(n,γ)~(41)Ar反应产生大量放射性气体~(41)Ar。因此,反应堆辐射监测的任务之一就是测量空气中~(41)Ar的浓度,以确定排入环境的放射性的大小和评价对周围环境的影响。充以待测气体的电离室是广泛采用的一种监测方法。为此需用~(41)Ar确定测量装置的标定常数。本文叙述用~(41)Ar对体积为20升(直径26厘米、长38厘米)和70升(直径41厘米、长54厘米)的圆柱形电离室进行标定的试验装置、操作步骤以及~(41)Ar辐射源强度的确定。
When the reactor is in operation, the air irradiated by the neutron generates a large amount of radioactive gas (41Ar) through the reaction of (40) Ar (n, γ) ~ (41) Ar. Therefore, one of the tasks of reactor radiation monitoring is to measure the concentration of ~ (41) Ar in the air to determine the amount of radioactivity discharged into the environment and to evaluate its effect on the surrounding environment. Ionization chamber filled with gas to be measured is a widely used monitoring method. To do this, use ~ (41) Ar to determine the calibration constant of the measuring device. This article describes the experimental setup for the calibration of a cylindrical ionization chamber of 20 liters (26 centimeters in diameter, 38 centimeters in length) and 70 liters (41 centimeters in diameter, 54 centimeters in length) with ~ (41) Ar, 41) Determination of Ar radiation intensity.