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目前在部队中进行饮水消毒,绝大部分是使用漂白粉或清水片。衡量漂白粉消毒饮水的效果,主要依靠检查水中的余氯。为什么要检查余氯呢?有的同志不大清楚。在这里介绍一些有关这方面的知识,供同志们参考。(一)什么是余氯,余氯有几种?余氯是指在水中加入氯(漂白粉或其他氯制剂)后,经一定的接触时间(一般至少30分钟),氯与水中有机物(包括细菌)与无机物作用后余下的有效氯量。余氯又可以分为三种:1.自由性余氯:即分子氯、次氯酸HOCl、次氯酸根OCl~-。氯加入水中后即水解为次氯酸与盐酸,次氯酸又可电离成为氢离子与次氯酸根。
Currently drinking water in the army disinfection, the vast majority of the use of bleach or water tablets. Measuring the effectiveness of bleach disinfection of drinking water, mainly by checking the residual chlorine in water. Why check residual chlorine? Some comrades are not clear. Here to introduce some of this knowledge, for comrades reference. (A) What is residual chlorine and what is the residual chlorine? Residual chlorine refers to the amount of residual chlorine (chlorine, water, organic matter, including bacteria ) After the role of inorganic matter with the remaining available chlorine. Residual chlorine can be divided into three types: 1. Free residual chlorine: the molecular chlorine, hypochlorous acid HOCl, hypochlorite OCl ~ -. Hydrochloric acid is hydrolyzed to hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid after chlorine is added to the water, and hypochlorous acid can be ionized into hydrogen ions and hypochlorite.