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目的了解临沂市河东区地方性氟中毒(地氟病)病区病情和改水降氟工程现状。方法 2011年,在河东区地氟病村进行饮用水氟含量、儿童氟斑牙和成人氟骨症患病及降氟改水工程状况调查。结果检测36个供水工程(覆盖113村)的36份水样,氟含量超标率为19.44%;10个改水工程均正常运转,其中水氟含量合格工程6个,合格率60%;固定监测3个病村8~12岁儿童203人,氟斑牙检出率71.92%,缺损型氟斑牙检出率18.72%,氟斑牙指数1.66;调查25岁以上成人150人,氟骨症病例10人,检出率为6.67%,其中轻度病例9例,中度病例1例。结论河东区改水降氟工程运行情况较好,但改水后部分工程水氟浓度超标严重,河东区的地方性氟中毒尚未得到有效控制;各部门应加强协作,重视供水工程的预评价及除氟处理,加快未改水地区的工程建设进度。
Objective To understand the status of endemic fluorosis (Fluorosis) in Hedong District of Linyi City and the status quo of water and fluoride reduction. Methods In 2011, a survey was conducted on the fluoride content of drinking water, the prevalence of dental fluorosis and adult skeletal fluorosis among children with endemic fluorosis in Hedong District. Results Thirty-six water samples from 36 water supply projects (covering 113 villages) were detected, and the exceeding standard rate of fluorine content was 19.44%. All 10 water diversion projects were in normal operation with 6 qualified water fluorine content projects with a pass rate of 60% There were 203 children aged 8 ~ 12 years old in 3 villages, the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 71.92%, the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 18.72% and the dental fluorosis index was 1.66. There were 150 cases of fluorosis in 25 years old and above 10 people, the detection rate was 6.67%, of which 9 cases of mild cases, 1 case of moderate cases. Conclusion The water and fluoride removal works in Hedong District are in a good condition. However, some of the water fluoride concentrations in the Hedong District have not been effectively controlled. However, all departments should strengthen their cooperation and attach importance to the pre-evaluation of water supply projects and In addition to fluoride treatment, speed up the construction of water projects in the region do not progress.