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流行性脑脊髓膜炎《简称流脑》,是冬春季急性呼吸道传染病。近几年来,据国内外流行资料分析,在人口密集交通方便的城乡居民中,每隔3—5年出现一次小流行,8—10年出现一次大流行,似有周期性流行的现象。国内曾于1937—1967年出现过四次大流行。因此,掌握防治对策,控制其发病,在普及大寨县的今天,更显得必要。一、病原学 1.菌群:脑膜炎病原菌,于1909年发现其血清型后。1950年,国际微生物学会命名委员会,根据其菌群特异荚膜多糖体的不同,将本菌分为ABCD四群。1961年又发现三株不属ABCD群的菌,命名为xyz,1968年又发现了29E,W—135两群。 2.新血清群:目前国内将流脑菌分为ABCD四群,B群分群过去用苏修标准,但有40—70％菌不
Epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis “referred to as meningitis” is the winter and spring acute respiratory infection. In recent years, according to the analysis of prevailing data both at home and abroad, there has been a small epidemic every 3-5 years in cities and rural areas where population is densely populated and a cyclone prevails in a period of 8-10 years. There were four pandemics in China from 1937 to 1967. Therefore, mastering prevention and control measures and controlling their incidence is even more necessary in the popularization of Dazhai County today. First, the etiology 1 flora: meningitis pathogens, found in 1909 after its serotype. In 1950, the International Society for Microbiology nomenclature committee, according to its flora specific capsular polysaccharide different, the bacteria are divided into ABCD four groups. In 1961, three strains of bacteria that did not belong to the ABCD group were also found, named xyz. In 1968, 29E and two W-135 groups were discovered. 2. New serogroups: At present, meningitidis are divided into four groups of ABCD, group B in the past using the Soviet Union repair standards, but 40-70% bacteria do not