目的了解静安区中小学学生肥胖的危险因素及脂肪代谢和血管病理变化情况,为开展肥胖防治工作提供理论依据。方法用Logistic回归分析探讨学生肥胖的危险因素;脂肪代谢调查采用3d膳食调查、血脂和肝功能检查、肝脏脂肪变性检查,血管病理变化通过检查眼底血管确定。结果有8项因素是肥胖的危险因素,尽管肥胖学生不一定有明显临床症状,但往往存在血脂、血管等方面的异常。结论学生肥胖与遗传及后天因素(尤其饮食因素)有关,部分肥胖学生存在脂肪代谢紊乱和血管病理变化,应引起家长和有关方面关注 Objective To understand the risk factors of obesity and the changes of fat metabolism and vascular pathology in primary and secondary school students in Jing’an District and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of obesity. Methods Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors of obesity. The fat metabolism was investigated by 3d diet, lipids and liver function tests, hepatic steatosis and vascular pathological changes by examining the fundus of the fundus. Results Eight factors were risk factors for obesity. Although obese students did not necessarily have obvious clinical symptoms, they often had dyslipidemia and vascular abnormalities. Conclusions Students’ obesity is related to genetic and acquired factors (especially dietary factors). Some obese students have disorders of fat metabolism and pathological changes of blood vessels, which should be paid attention to by parents and related parties