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目的建立鞘内注射吗啡诱导小鼠瘙痒模型。方法选择健康清洁级成年C57/BL6小鼠40只,体重20~25 g,随机分为5组,第1~4组依次鞘内注射0.9%生理盐水、0.1 nmol吗啡、0.3 nmol吗啡、1.0 nmol吗啡,第5组鞘内注射1.0 nmol吗啡+皮下注射纳洛酮3 mg/kg。注射结束后迅速将小鼠放入透明观察笼,观察小鼠的搔抓反应40 min,绘制瘙痒行为学的时间曲线。结果鞘内注射吗啡可以使C57/BL6小鼠出现明显的全身搔抓反应,搔抓反应一般在注射后2~3 min出现,5~10 min达高峰值,之后逐渐下降,搔抓部位为面部、颈部、躯干各个部位,持续时间约为40 min。0.3 nmol吗啡组和1.0 nmol吗啡组小鼠在40 min内的搔抓次数分别为(24.13±5.25)次和(36.75±6.41)次,明显多于生理盐水组(1.00±0.50)次和0.1 nmol吗啡组(2.00±1.77)次(P<0.01),且1.0 nmol吗啡组小鼠40 min内的搔抓次数明显多于0.3 nmol吗啡组小鼠[(36.75±6.41)vs.(24.13±5.25)次,P<0.05],纳洛酮组小鼠未出现明显搔抓反应。结论C57/BL6小鼠鞘内注射吗啡可以引起全身性搔抓反应,并且呈剂量相关性,后肢搔抓次数是反应瘙痒程度的可靠指标。
Objective To establish a mouse model of pruritus induced by intrathecal morphine injection. Methods Forty adult C57 / BL6 healthy adult mice weighing 20-25 g were randomly divided into 5 groups. Groups 1 to 4 received intrathecal injection of 0.9% saline, 0.1 nmol morphine, 0.3 nmol morphine, 1.0 nmol Morphine, intrathecal injection of 1.0 nmol morphine + naloxone 3 mg / kg subcutaneously. After the injection, the mice were placed in a transparent observation cage and the scratching reaction of the mice was observed for 40 min, and the time curve of itching behavior was drawn. Results Intrathecal injection of morphine induced a significant whole-body scratching reaction in C57 / BL6 mice. The scratching reaction usually occurred 2 ~ 3 min after injection and peaked at 5-10 min, then gradually decreased. The scratching site was the face , Neck, trunk all parts of the duration of about 40 min. The number of scratches in 40 min in 0.3 nmol morphine group and 1.0 nmol morphine group was (24.13 ± 5.25) times and (36.75 ± 6.41) times, respectively, significantly higher than that in saline group (1.00 ± 0.50) and 0.1 nmol (2.00 ± 1.77) (P <0.01), and the number of scratching in 40 min in 1.0 nmol morphine group was significantly more than that in 0.3 nmol morphine group [(36.75 ± 6.41) vs. (24.13 ± 5.25) Times, P <0.05]. Naloxone group mice did not show obvious scratching reaction. Conclusion Intrathecal morphine injection in C57 / BL6 mice can cause systemic scratching reaction in a dose-dependent manner. The number of scratching hindlimbs is a reliable indicator of the degree of pruritus.