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Based on impulse and vibration machining theories, a mathematical model of cutting force for the electroplated diamond ultrasonic wire saw was established using superposition principle. The differences between the cutting forces with and without ultrasonic effect were analyzed theoretically and experimentally. The results indicate that the cutting force of diamond wire increases along with the spindle speed decrease and the lateral pressure increase. The force in ultrasonic vibration cutting is about 20% to 30% less than that in conventional cutting. Also, the cutting trajectory of single diamond grit in sawing process is simulated, and the reason that the ultrasonic vibration can reduce the cutting force is explained further.