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藜麦具有较高的营养价值和广泛的适应性,但目前尚未有在内蒙古阴山北麓区藜麦种植的报道。针对内蒙古阴山北麓干旱半干旱区年降水量小、马铃薯连作导致病虫害频发等问题,为调整种植结构,进行了藜麦引种播期试验。结果表明:藜麦从播种至收获全生育期为127~135d,2015年5月3日播种处理开花至成熟时间较长,达65d,有利于子粒的物质积累;藜麦株高较高,平均为172.5cm,各处理间有效分枝数和单株干物质量均呈极显著差异,5月3日播期处理单株干物质量表现最高;不同处理间产量呈极显著差异,以5月3日播期处理产量最高,实测产量为5 106.3kg/hm2。因此,藜麦适宜在阴山北麓区种植,具有较高的产量潜力,其最适播期为5月初。当地发展藜麦生产需要解决抗旱播种和后期倒伏问题。
Quinoa has high nutritional value and a wide range of adaptability, but there is no report of quinoa planting in the northern foot of Yinshan in Inner Mongolia. In view of the problems of small annual precipitation and continuous cropping of potato caused by pests and diseases in the arid and semiarid area in the northern foot of Yinshan, Inner Mongolia, sowing date of quinoa was studied in order to adjust planting structure. The results showed that from the sowing to harvesting, the whole growth period of quinoa was 127 ~ 135 days. On May 3, 2015, the flowering and maturation of quinoa were longer and reached 65 days, which was conducive to the accumulation of seeds. The quinoa height was higher and the average Was 172.5cm, the number of effective branches per plant and the dry weight per plant showed extremely significant differences. The dry matter weight per plant of sowing on May 3 was the highest. The yield of different treatments was extremely significant. On May 3 Sowing the highest yield, the measured output of 5 106.3kg / hm2. Therefore, quinoa is suitable for planting in the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain, which has high yield potential and the optimum sowing date is early May. The local development of quinoa production needs to address drought-resistant sowing and late lodging issues.