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本文对364,592个男性和553,681个女性从1960年到1966年进行了前赡性队列研究,观察父母亲癌症史、个人吸烟史和癌症死亡率的关系。结果表明,父母亲有癌症史者较父母亲无癌症史者,全癌年龄调整死亡率增高13～16％(P<0.001)。父母亲癌症史对男女性结肠癌(SMR男性1.48,女性1.24)和女性乳腺癌及卵巢癌(SMR均为1.26)是重要的危险因素。在男性吸烟者中,父母亲癌症史是胃癌的一个危险因素,但在男性不吸烟者及女性中则无相关。父母亲皆有癌症史一般来说比父母一方有癌症史的危险性较大。本文所见对家族癌症链的观点是有力地支持,但不能区分这种联系是共同环境因素的作用或是遗传因素的作用。
In this paper, 364,592 males and 553,681 females from 1960 to 1966 conducted an ancillary cohort study to observe the relationship between parental cancer history, personal smoking history and cancer mortality. The results showed that the age-adjusted cancer mortality rate of all cancer patients was 13-16% higher (P <0.001) when parents had cancer history than those without parental cancer. The history of parental cancer is an important risk factor for both men and women with colon cancer (SMR 1.48 for males and 1.24 for females) and female breast and ovarian cancers (SMR 1.26). Among male smokers, parental cancer history is a risk factor for gastric cancer, but not in male non-smokers and women. Parents generally have a history of cancer in general than their parents have a greater risk of cancer history. The views we see on the family cancer chain are strongly supported, but we can not distinguish between the role of this link as a common environmental factor or as a hereditary factor.