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目的了解广安市中小学生日常饮食和运动行为现状,为学校针对性地制定、实施健康教育干预措施提供依据。方法借鉴《中国青少年健康相关行为问卷》,以随机整群抽样方法对广安市的1 532名中小学生进行匿名自填式问卷调查。结果调查对象每周至少有3 d及以上在西式快餐店用餐的人数为72人(4.7%);而每天喝1杯牛/酸/豆奶的人数为409人(26.7%),偏食的人数为538人(35.1%);中小学生每天运动1 h以上者301人(19.7%),采用不健康减肥控制体重方式发生率依次为节食(13.2%)、禁食(1.3%)、故意吐出食物(1.2%)、吃减肥药(1.0%)。多项饮食行为和运动、静态行为及不合理控制体重在不同学习阶段和性别之间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论调查对象存在多种不健康饮食行为,缺乏体育运动情况较普遍。学校应针对性开展相关健康教育,加强学生体育锻炼;同时通过社会号召、家庭重视,全方位给目标群体树立起健康榜样作用,以促进青少年健康成长。
Objective To understand the status quo of daily diet and exercise behaviors among primary and secondary school students in Guang’an and provide the basis for the school to formulate and implement health education interventions. Methods The questionnaire of health behaviors among adolescents in China was used to investigate the anonymous self-contained questionnaire of 1 532 primary and secondary school students in Guang’an City by random cluster sampling method. Results The number of respondents who drank at least 3 days per week at a Western-style fast food restaurant was 72 (4.7%). The number of people who ate 1 cup of cow’s sour / soy milk per day was 409 (26.7%) and the number of partial eaters was 538 (35.1%), 301 (19.7%) of primary and secondary school students exercising more than 1 hour a day, and diets (13.2%) and fasting (1.3% %), Eat diet pills (1.0%). A number of dietary behaviors and sports, static behavior and irrational weight control in different learning stages and gender differences were statistically significant (P all <0.05). Conclusion There are many unhealthy dietary behaviors in the surveyed subjects, and the lack of physical exercise is more common. Relevant health education should be targeted at schools so as to enhance students’ physical exercise. At the same time, the community should pay attention to all aspects and establish a healthy role model for target groups in order to promote the healthy growth of young people.