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目的：分析急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)患者临床特点，探讨分层治疗方案选择。方法选取初诊APL患者43例，分为中低危组和高危组，中低危组采用全反式维甲酸(ATRA)联合化疗（72 h后）实施诱导缓解，高危组采用ATRA联合亚砷酸（As2O3）及化疗（24小时内）实施诱导缓解，对比分析两组临床特点及疗效。结果43例初诊APL患者,中低危组29例，高危组14例。高危组APL患者中,早期死亡3/14例(21.4%)高于中低危组3/29例(10.3%)，但两组比较无显著性差异(p>0.05)；弥散性血管内凝血（DIC）发生率6/14例(42.9%)高于中低危组4/29例(13.8%)，维早酸综合征(4/14例,28.6%)高于中低危组0/29例，毛细血管渗漏综合征5/14例(45.5%)高于中低危组0/29例，且均有显著性差异(P0.05);Incidence of DIC was 42.9%in high rish group, which was higher than that in medium low risk group (13.8%). RAS syndrome rate in high rish group was 28.6%(4/14), which was higher than that in medium low risk group .Capillary leak syndrome rate (5/14 cases, (45.5%) was significantly higher than that in medium low risk group (P<0.05). Conclusion 1. APL in the high risk group should be alert for the DIC, RAS and capillary leakage syndrome. 2. The stratified treatment should be explored in APL patients. High-risk patients could be considered ATRA combined with As2O3 and chemotherapy (within 24 hours) regimen.