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应用扫描电镜对四个栽培棉种纤维的基部、中部、顶端等部位进行了观察研究,不同棉种成熟纤维的形态差别以中部最为明显,表现出种间的遗传特征。在纤维表面观察到有似梭脊和沟槽的皱纹,它的分布和数量在二倍体棉种(亚洲棉和草棉)与四倍体棉种(海岛棉和陆地棉)间存在明显差异。棉纤维表面的皱纹能增加单纤维间的接触面和摩擦力,对成纱有利。纤维扭曲数直接影响纤维伸长率,两者具有显著的正相关。
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the base, middle and top of four cultivated cotton species. The morphological differences of mature cotton fiber from different cotton varieties were most obvious in middle part, showing the genetic characteristics of interspecific hybrids. Wrinkles on the fiber surface, similar to the ridges and grooves, were observed. The distribution and number of the wrinkles were obviously different between diploid cotton (cotton and cotton) and tetraploid cotton (cotton and cotton) . Wrinkles on the surface of the cotton fiber can increase the contact surface between the single fiber and the friction, on the yarn is beneficial. Fiber twist directly affect the fiber elongation, the two have a significant positive correlation.