目的:观察中药复方脑复聪对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的糖尿病大鼠认知功能及海马NF-κB、星型胶质细胞的影响。方法:将STZ(60 mg/kg)诱导的糖尿病大鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,脑复聪低、中、高剂量组。成模后连续灌胃8周,模型组和正常组灌服蒸馏水,脑复聪低、中、高剂量组灌服不同剂量脑复聪。检测各组治疗前及治疗后2周、4周、6周、8周的体重、血糖;于造模前及灌胃8周后采用Morris水迷宫测试进行学习记忆功能测定;并于8周后取海马行NF-κB、GFAP免疫组织化学染色。结果:与正常组相比,造模后各组大鼠血糖均显著升高(P<0.01),体重均显著下降(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,各治疗组大鼠血糖在各时间点均无显著差异(P>0.05);造模后及灌胃后2周、4周糖尿病组及各治疗组大鼠之间体重无明显差异(P>0.05),灌胃后6周及8周时脑复聪高剂量治疗组大鼠体重明显大于糖尿病组大鼠(P<0.05)。模型组水迷宫潜伏期比正常组明显延长(P<0.01);脑复聪各治疗组潜伏期较模型组均有显著缩短(P<0.01)。与正常组相比,模型组及各治疗组NF-κB阳性细胞数明显增多,差异显著(P<0.05);与模型组相比,各治疗组阳性细胞数下降,差异显著(P<0.05),且与脑复聪剂量呈负相关。与正常组相比,模型组GFAP的IOD值显著下降(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,脑复聪中、高剂量组的IOD值均显著上调(P<0.05),且与脑复聪药物剂量呈正相关;小剂量组无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:糖尿病认知功能障碍大鼠海马NF-κB表达水平显著升高、星型胶质细胞表达显著下降。脑复聪可显著改善糖尿病大鼠的认知功能,下调脑海马NF-κB表达水平、上调星型胶质细胞表达水平,且有明显的量效关系。 OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of naofucong, a traditional Chinese medicine compound, on cognitive function, NF-κB and astrocyte in hippocampus of streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetic rats induced by STZ (60 mg / kg) were randomly divided into normal group, model group and nifufong low, medium and high dose groups. The rats in model group and normal group were drank distilled water and were given Naofucong low, medium and high dose groups were given different doses of Naifucong. The body weight and blood glucose of two groups before treatment and two weeks, four weeks, six weeks and eight weeks after treatment were measured. Morris water maze test was used to measure the learning and memory function before and 8 weeks after the preparation. Hippocampal line NF-κB, GFAP immunohistochemical staining. Results: Compared with the normal group, the blood glucose in model group was significantly increased (P <0.01) and the body weight was significantly decreased (P <0.01). Compared with the model group, there was no significant difference in blood glucose between the two treatment groups at all time points (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in body weight between the diabetic group and each treatment group after 2 weeks and 4 weeks after modeling (P> 0.05). At 6 weeks and 8 weeks after gavage, the body weight of rats in the high-dose Naofucong treatment group was significantly greater than that of the diabetic rats (P <0.05). Compared with the normal group, the latent period of the water maze in the model group was significantly longer than that of the normal group (P <0.01). The latency of each treatment group was significantly shorter than that of the model group (P <0.01). Compared with the normal group, the number of NF-κB positive cells in the model group and each treatment group increased significantly (P <0.05). Compared with the model group, the number of positive cells in each treatment group decreased significantly (P <0.05) , And was negatively correlated with the dose of Naofucong. Compared with the normal group, the IOD value of GFAP in model group decreased significantly (P <0.01). Compared with the model group, the IOD values ​​in the middle and high dose of Naofucong were significantly increased (P <0.05), and were positively correlated with the dose of Naofucong. No significant difference was found in the low dose group (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The expression of NF-κB in hippocampus of diabetic rats with cognitive impairment is significantly increased, and the expression of astrocytes is significantly decreased. Naofucong can significantly improve the cognitive function of diabetic rats, down regulate the expression of NF-κB in the hippocampus and upregulate the level of astrocyte, and have a significant dose-effect relationship.