原子核的秘密的揭露,使人类掌握了新的無穷尽的能源。第一座原子能电站在苏联的建立,为將这个能源实际利用于工業和农業的和平目的,奠定了基础。原子技术的發展,开辟了把放射性同位素应用到各种全然不同的科学技术部門中去的广闊的可能性。人工取得放射性同位素的方法之一,是在原子核反应堆中用中子来照射。比如,用中子照射普通的天然的磷的时候,部分的磷原子核就和中子結合而变成磷的放射性同位素(磷-32)的原子核。当放射性磷的核衰变的时候,核中的一个中子轉化成質子,同时放射出一个β粒子(帶陰电的电子)。衰变是按照这个方式發生 The secret disclosure of the atomic nucleus has given humanity new and endless energy. The establishment of the first atomic power station in the Soviet Union laid the foundation for the peaceful use of this energy source for industrial and agricultural purposes. The development of atomic technologies has opened up vast possibilities for applying radioisotopes to a variety of completely different science and technology sectors. One of the methods for manually obtaining radioisotopes is to use neutrons in nuclear reactors. For example, when normal natural phosphorus is irradiated with neutrons, part of the phosphorus nucleus is combined with neutrons to become the nucleus of a radioactive isotope of phosphorus (phosphorus-32). When the nuclear decay of radioactive phosphorus, a neutron in the nucleus is converted into protons and a beta particle (electrons with negative electrons) is emitted. Decays occur in this way