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目的探讨可激发的一氧化氮合成酶 (iNOS)在食管癌发生发展过程中的表达及其意义。方法应用免疫组化技术检测主要来自食管癌高发区河北磁县的食管活检组织标本中 iNOS的表达。结果在正常粘膜、单纯增生、不典型增生Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级、原位癌、鳞癌及腺癌组织中 iNOS表达的阳性率分别为 0(0/25)、 2.5％ (1/40)、 4.0％ (2/50)、 7.5％ (6/80)、 2.5％ (1/40)、 1.4％ (1/69)、 8.5％ (3/35)及 71.4％ (25/35)。除腺癌与正常粘膜组织间 iNOS的表达差异有显著性外 (P< 0.001)，其它组织与正常粘膜组织间差异均无显著性 (P >0.1)。结论 iNOS可能与食管腺癌的发生有关，而与鳞癌的发生发展无关。
Objective To investigate the expression of iNOS and its significance in the development and progression of esophageal cancer. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of iNOS in esophageal biopsy specimens mainly from Cixian, Hebei Province, a high incidence area of esophageal cancer. Results The positive rates of iNOS expression were 0 (0/25), 2.5% (1/40) in normal mucosa, simple hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, , 4.0% (2/50), 7.5% (6/80), 2.5% (1/40), 1.4% (1/69), 8.5% (3/35) and 71.4% (25/35). The expression of iNOS was significantly different between adenocarcinoma and normal mucosa (P <0.001). There was no significant difference between other tissues and normal mucosa (P> 0.1). Conclusion iNOS may be related to the occurrence of esophageal adenocarcinoma, but not to the occurrence and development of squamous cell carcinoma.