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近年来,基于尿液代谢组学等方法的生物标志物因其高灵敏度、高通量和高稳定性等优点已经在多种神经变性病和神经脱髓鞘性疾病的早期诊断和机制探索中得到应用,虽然目前大部分尿液标志物的作用机制尚不明确,但神经变性病尿液标志物中,氧化应激导致氨基酸、脂质和DNA等细胞成分过氧化的代谢产物占据了主要地位,而神经脱髓鞘疾病中,主要来自各种免疫相关成分。合格的标志物不仅可以反映疾病病理生理变化,还有助于在出现明显的临床表现前对患者进行早期诊断与治疗。
In recent years, biomarkers based on methods such as urine metabolomics have been used in the early diagnosis and mechanism exploration of various neurodegenerative diseases and demyelinating diseases due to their advantages of high sensitivity, high throughput and high stability. Although the mechanism of action of most of the urine markers is unclear at present, the metabolites of oxidative stress leading to the peroxidation of cellular components such as amino acids, lipids and DNA occupy a major position in the urine markers of neurodegenerative diseases , While demyelinating neurons mainly come from various immune-related components. Qualified markers not only reflect the pathophysiological changes of the disease, but also help to diagnose and treat the patients before obvious clinical manifestation.