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花生网斑病是目前花生叶部病害中危害较为严重的一种病害,为了系统研究该病害,对河南省发生的花生网斑病病菌进行了分离鉴定,并对其生物学特性进行了初步研究,以期为花生网斑病的发生规律探索及综合防治提供依据。通过分离、鉴定,明确花生网斑病是由花生茎点霉(Phoma arachidicola Marasas Pauer&Boerema)侵染所致。生物学特性研究表明,病菌菌丝在供试培养基上均能生长,但以PDA培养基最为适合;菌丝生长最适温度为25℃,低于5℃或高于35℃菌丝停止生长,50℃作用10min可将病原菌致死;在pH值4~10条件下均能生长,最适pH值为7;光暗交替能促进菌丝生长。病菌在燕麦培养基上产孢量最多,在水琼脂培养基上不能产孢,产孢最适温度为25℃,最适pH值为6,光暗交替有利于病菌产孢。总之,菌丝生长和产孢的最适培养基分别为PDA培养基、燕麦培养基,最适温度均为25℃,最适pH值分别为7和6,光暗交替既能促进菌丝生长,又有利于病原菌产孢。
Peanut leaf spot is one of the most serious diseases in peanut leaf diseases. In order to study the disease systematically, the pathogen of perenne net blotch in Henan Province was isolated and identified, and its biological characteristics were studied , In order to provide a basis for the occurrence of perennial net blotch disease and comprehensive prevention and control. Through the separation, identification and identification of peanut leaf spot disease caused by Phoma arachidicola Marasas Pauer & Boerema. Biological characteristics of the study showed that the mycelium of bacteria can grow on the test medium, but the most suitable PDA medium; mycelial growth optimum temperature is 25 ℃, less than 5 ℃ or above 35 ℃ mycelium to stop growing , And the pathogen could be lethal at 50 ℃ for 10min. Under the condition of pH 4 ~ 10, the optimal pH value was 7, and the light and dark alternation could promote mycelial growth. The spores germinated on oat medium was the most, spores could not be sporulated on water agar medium, the optimum sporulation temperature was 25 ℃, and the optimum pH value was 6. In conclusion, the optimum culture medium for mycelial growth and sporulation were PDA medium and oat medium, respectively. The optimum temperature and temperature were 25 ℃ and 7, respectively. The light and dark alternation promoted mycelial growth , But also conducive to sporozoites pathogens.