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目的探讨天津市农村中老年人群高血压的患病情况及其危险因素,为制定高血压的防治措施提供科学依据。方法整群抽取天津市某区某镇农村2 969名45岁及以上的常住居民(居住5年以上)进行问卷调查和体格检查,采用Logistic回归分析探讨高血压的危险因素。结果被调查的2 969人中,高血压患者为1 258人,患病率为42.4%;高血压患病率无性别差异(χ2=0.238,P=0.625)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄(OR=1.027,95%CI=1.014~1.041)、单身(OR=1.237,95%CI=1.016~1.506)、缺少体育锻炼(OR=1.287,95%CI=1.088~1.521)、超重(OR=2.284,95%CI=1.905~2.738)、肥胖(OR=3.130,95%CI=2.456~3.989)、糖尿病(OR=1.576,95%CI=1.242~2.001)和高血压家族史(OR=3.609,95%CI=2.928~4.447)与高血压高危险有关。结论天津市农村中老年人群高血压患病率较高,应不断加强健康教育和健康促进,引导居民改变不良生活习惯,建立健康的生活方式,以降低高血压的患病率。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in rural middle-aged and elderly population in Tianjin and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Methods A total of 2 969 permanent residents aged 45 years and above (living for more than 5 years) in a rural area of a certain district of Tianjin were enrolled in the study. Questionnaires and physical examinations were conducted. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors of hypertension. Results Of the 2 969 people surveyed, 1 258 were hypertensive patients with a prevalence of 42.4%. There was no gender difference in the prevalence of hypertension (χ2 = 0.238, P = 0.625). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR = 1.027, 95% CI = 1.014-1.041), single (OR = 1.237,95% CI = 1.016-1.506), lack of physical exercise (OR = 1.287, 95% CI = (OR = 2.284, 95% CI = 1.905-2.738), obesity (OR = 3.130, 95% CI = 2.456-3.989), diabetes (OR = 1.576, 95% CI = 1.242-2.001) and Family history of hypertension (OR = 3.609, 95% CI = 2.928 ~ 4.447) was associated with high risk of hypertension. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas of Tianjin is high. Health education and health promotion should be continuously strengthened to guide residents to change unhealthy living habits and establish healthy lifestyles so as to reduce the prevalence of hypertension.