利用反向斑点杂交技术,设计出特异性基因分型探针,并将探针固定在带正电荷的尼龙膜上,与PCR扩增带有地高辛标记的临床血清样本进行杂交。通过优化杂交反应条件,建立起简单、快速、特异地检测HBV基因型的方法。利用该方法对重庆地区临床样本进行分型检测,并与直接测序结果比较。结果表明新建的HBV基因分型方法可对拷贝数在103以上的血清样本准确分型,特异性达到96.67%。重庆地区感染HBV主要以B型为主。 Using reverse dot blot hybridization, a specific genotyping probe was designed and immobilized on a positively charged nylon membrane to hybridize with PCR amplification of clinical serum samples labeled with digoxigenin. By optimizing the hybridization reaction conditions, a simple, rapid and specific method for detecting HBV genotypes was established. The method was used to detect the clinical samples in Chongqing and compared with the direct sequencing results. The results showed that the newly established HBV genotyping method can accurately classify the serum samples with a copy number above 103, with a specificity of 96.67%. Infection of HBV in Chongqing mainly B type.