炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)是一种病因未明的慢性非特异性肠道炎症性疾病,传统的影像学检查不能早期发现黏膜病变,不利于患者早期治疗.结肠镜检查为侵入性操作,临床应用受限.分子影像学的发展为IBD早期诊断提供了新的方法.本文就近年来IBD分子影像学研究进展作一综述. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology, traditional imaging examination can not detect early mucosal lesions, is not conducive to early treatment of patients. Colonoscopy for invasive procedures , Limited clinical application.Development of molecular imaging provides a new method for the early diagnosis of IBD.In this paper, the progress of IBD molecular imaging studies in recent years are reviewed.